{"id":2931,"date":"2025-02-26T18:39:42","date_gmt":"2025-02-26T17:39:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/edu.ge.ch\/site\/tablettepedagogique\/?p=2931"},"modified":"2025-03-03T15:58:45","modified_gmt":"2025-03-03T14:58:45","slug":"quand-les-ia-generatives-sont-elles-utiles-p-versus-np","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/edu.ge.ch\/site\/tablettepedagogique\/2025\/02\/26\/quand-les-ia-generatives-sont-elles-utiles-p-versus-np\/","title":{"rendered":"Quand les IA g\u00e9n\u00e9ratives sont-elles utiles ? (P versus NP ?!)"},"content":{"rendered":"<p data-start=\"94\" data-end=\"319\">Les IA g\u00e9n\u00e9ratives sont impressionnantes, mais on sent que leur utilit\u00e9 varie selon les contextes. Une premi\u00e8re id\u00e9e serait de ne les utiliser que dans les domaines dans lesquels on est expert. Mais il me semble que, plus pr\u00e9cis\u00e9ment, les IA\u00a0 g\u00e9n\u00e9ratives sont utiles dans les situations o\u00f9 <strong data-start=\"275\" data-end=\"316\">v\u00e9rifier est plus simple que produire<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"321\" data-end=\"790\">\u00c9crire un texte peut prendre des heures, mais rep\u00e9rer une incoh\u00e9rence ou une faute de style se fait souvent en quelques secondes. De m\u00eame, g\u00e9n\u00e9rer un code informatique complexe est une t\u00e2che ardue, mais tester s\u2019il fonctionne est souvent imm\u00e9diat; Dans les situations o\u00f9 il y a une telle asym\u00e9trie, les IA peuvent proposer une solution rapide, et l\u2019on tranche en un instant si c&#8217;est correct et pertinent ou non.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"321\" data-end=\"790\">Cela signifierait que les IA ne sont pas utiles \u00e0 tous pour les m\u00eame taches. A titre personnel, je les utilise \u00e9norm\u00e9ment pour coder (il faudra d&#8217;ailleurs que je vous en parle: la possibilit\u00e9 de cr\u00e9er en quelques heures des activit\u00e9s num\u00e9riques pour les \u00e9l\u00e8ves me semble un changement potentiellement profond dans l&#8217;enseignement !). Pour cet article, cr\u00e9er une image d&#8217;illustration aurait pu \u00eatre un v\u00e9ritable casse-t\u00eate, mais v\u00e9rifier que l&#8217;image g\u00e9n\u00e9r\u00e9e par chatGPT convient &#8211; d&#8217;apr\u00e8s le prompt: &#8220;<em>G\u00e9n\u00e8re une image qui montre un robot qui donne une copie \u00e0 un humain qui semble sur le point de la v\u00e9rifier<\/em>&#8221; &#8211; est d&#8217;une simplicit\u00e9 enfantine (j&#8217;en profite pour cr\u00e9diter l&#8217;image!). Les IA g\u00e9n\u00e9ratives sont \u00e9galement tr\u00e8s efficaces pour la g\u00e9n\u00e9ration d&#8217;id\u00e9es, toujours suivant la m\u00eame r\u00e8gle: c&#8217;est g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement facile d&#8217;\u00e9valuer la pertinence et l&#8217;int\u00e9r\u00eat des id\u00e9es pr\u00e9sent\u00e9es, mais difficile de les avoir.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"1181\" data-end=\"1465\">Peut \u00eatre que le principe &#8220;<em>utilisez des IA g\u00e9n\u00e9ratives dans les cas o\u00f9 v\u00e9rifier est plus simple que produire<\/em>&#8221; pourrait aider nos \u00e9l\u00e8ves \u00e0 faire un meilleur usage des IA ? Ce n&#8217;est qu&#8217;une hypoth\u00e8se, \u00e0 discuter et tester !<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"1467\" data-end=\"1796\"><strong data-start=\"1467\" data-end=\"1486\">Post-scriptum :<\/strong><br data-start=\"1486\" data-end=\"1489\" \/>Nos lecteurs informaticiens trouveront probablement que cela rappelle le probl\u00e8me ouvert &#8220;P = NP ?&#8221;, et si vous trouvez cela intrigant, je vous recommande cette vid\u00e9o de sciences \u00e9tonnantes:<\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Nos algorithmes pourraient-ils \u00eatre BEAUCOUP plus rapides ? (P=NP ?)\" width=\"1200\" height=\"675\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/AgtOCNCejQ8?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Les IA g\u00e9n\u00e9ratives sont impressionnantes, mais on sent que leur utilit\u00e9 varie selon les contextes. Une premi\u00e8re id\u00e9e serait de ne les utiliser que dans les domaines dans lesquels on est expert. Mais il me semble que, plus pr\u00e9cis\u00e9ment, les IA\u00a0 g\u00e9n\u00e9ratives sont utiles dans les situations o\u00f9 v\u00e9rifier est plus simple que produire. \u00c9crire &#8230; <a title=\"Quand les IA g\u00e9n\u00e9ratives sont-elles utiles ? (P versus NP ?!)\" class=\"read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/edu.ge.ch\/site\/tablettepedagogique\/2025\/02\/26\/quand-les-ia-generatives-sont-elles-utiles-p-versus-np\/\" aria-label=\"En savoir plus sur Quand les IA g\u00e9n\u00e9ratives sont-elles utiles ? (P versus NP ?!)\">Lire la suite<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":344,"featured_media":2933,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[374,332,1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2931","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ia","category-intelligence-artificielle","category-non-classe"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.8 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Quand les IA g\u00e9n\u00e9ratives sont-elles utiles ? (P versus NP ?!) - Le blog des formatrices et formateurs du SEM<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/edu.ge.ch\/site\/tablettepedagogique\/2025\/02\/26\/quand-les-ia-generatives-sont-elles-utiles-p-versus-np\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Quand les IA g\u00e9n\u00e9ratives sont-elles utiles ? (P versus NP ?!) - Le blog des formatrices et formateurs du SEM\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Les IA g\u00e9n\u00e9ratives sont impressionnantes, mais on sent que leur utilit\u00e9 varie selon les contextes. Une premi\u00e8re id\u00e9e serait de ne les utiliser que dans les domaines dans lesquels on est expert. Mais il me semble que, plus pr\u00e9cis\u00e9ment, les IA\u00a0 g\u00e9n\u00e9ratives sont utiles dans les situations o\u00f9 v\u00e9rifier est plus simple que produire. \u00c9crire ... 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