{"id":1867,"date":"2022-04-26T15:50:15","date_gmt":"2022-04-26T14:50:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/edu.ge.ch\/site\/tablettepedagogique\/?p=1867"},"modified":"2022-04-27T23:23:26","modified_gmt":"2022-04-27T22:23:26","slug":"la-machine-qui-ecrit","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/edu.ge.ch\/site\/tablettepedagogique\/2022\/04\/26\/la-machine-qui-ecrit\/","title":{"rendered":"La machine qui \u00e9crit"},"content":{"rendered":"<h3><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft size-medium wp-image-1876\" src=\"https:\/\/edu.ge.ch\/site\/tablettepedagogique\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2022\/04\/Illustration-cedille-225x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"225\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/edu.ge.ch\/site\/tablettepedagogique\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2022\/04\/Illustration-cedille-225x300.jpg 225w, https:\/\/edu.ge.ch\/site\/tablettepedagogique\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2022\/04\/Illustration-cedille-768x1024.jpg 768w, https:\/\/edu.ge.ch\/site\/tablettepedagogique\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2022\/04\/Illustration-cedille-1152x1536.jpg 1152w, https:\/\/edu.ge.ch\/site\/tablettepedagogique\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2022\/04\/Illustration-cedille-1536x2048.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/edu.ge.ch\/site\/tablettepedagogique\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2022\/04\/Illustration-cedille-scaled.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 225px) 100vw, 225px\" \/><\/h3>\n<h3>La machine qui \u00e9crit, un vieux r\u00eave rendu possible par l\u2019intelligence artificielle ?<\/h3>\n<p>Le dispositif capable de g\u00e9n\u00e9rer du texte de mani\u00e8re autonome est d\u2019abord une id\u00e9e litt\u00e9raire, que l\u2019on trouve d\u00e9j\u00e0 chez Raymond Roussel (1877-1933), puis chez les surr\u00e9alistes, avant d\u2019\u00eatre mise en pratique par Alan Turing (1912-1954) ou les auteurs de l\u2019Oulipo. Ceux-ci sont parmi les premiers, d\u00e8s les ann\u00e9es 1960, \u00e0 croiser math\u00e9matiques, \u00e9lectronique et cr\u00e9ation litt\u00e9raire.<\/p>\n<p>L\u2019\u00e9mergence de l\u2019intelligence artificielle et du <i>machine learning<\/i> ouvre de nouvelles possibilit\u00e9s : <a href=\"https:\/\/www.letemps.ch\/culture\/algorithmes-se-prennent-poetes\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">des algorithmes \u00e9crivent de la po\u00e9sie<\/a>\u00a0 ou <a href=\"https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/commentisfree\/2020\/sep\/08\/robot-wrote-this-article-gpt-3\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">des articles de presse<\/a> depuis un certain temps d\u00e9j\u00e0.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/app.cedille.ai\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Cedille<\/a>, un outil mis en ligne en novembre dernier, propose diff\u00e9rents mod\u00e8les comparativement tr\u00e8s performants, et se fait fort d\u2019\u00e9chapper aux <a href=\"https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/commentisfree\/2017\/apr\/20\/robots-racist-sexist-people-machines-ai-language\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">biais racistes et sexistes<\/a> auxquels l\u2019IA se laisse souvent aller. \u00c7a vous intrigue ? Nous oui.<\/p>\n<p><!--more--><\/p>\n<h3>Ce que c\u2019est<\/h3>\n<p>D\u00e9velopp\u00e9 par l\u2019agence digitale suisse<a href=\"https:\/\/coteries.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> Coteries<\/a> dans le cadre de l\u2019EPFL Innovation Park, Cedille est un mod\u00e8le de langue, autrement dit une intelligence artificielle entra\u00een\u00e9e \u00e0 g\u00e9n\u00e9rer du texte dans des genres comme le journalisme, le marketing, la lettre de motivation ou encore le r\u00e9cit de No\u00ebl.<\/p>\n<p>Ses particularit\u00e9s ? Cedille est <a href=\"https:\/\/fr.cedille.ai\/api\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">open source<\/a> et sait travailler en fran\u00e7ais, en anglais et en allemand. Cet outil est librement accessible moyennant identification au moyen d\u2019une adresse e-mail.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Pr\u00e9sentation de l&#8217;interface<\/strong><\/p>\n<div style=\"width: 1080px;\" class=\"wp-video\"><video class=\"wp-video-shortcode\" id=\"video-1867-1\" width=\"1080\" height=\"720\" preload=\"metadata\" controls=\"controls\"><source type=\"video\/mp4\" src=\"https:\/\/edu.ge.ch\/site\/tablettepedagogique\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2022\/04\/Presentation-de-la-plateforme-Cedille.mp4?_=1\" \/><a href=\"https:\/\/edu.ge.ch\/site\/tablettepedagogique\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2022\/04\/Presentation-de-la-plateforme-Cedille.mp4\">https:\/\/edu.ge.ch\/site\/tablettepedagogique\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2022\/04\/Presentation-de-la-plateforme-Cedille.mp4<\/a><\/video><\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Plusieurs fonctionnalit\u00e9s, comme le r\u00e9sum\u00e9 ou la recherche de mots-cl\u00e9s, ont \u00e9t\u00e9 ajout\u00e9es depuis le lancement et sont encore en cours de d\u00e9veloppement.<\/p>\n<p><strong>R\u00e9sumer un texte<\/strong><\/p>\n<div style=\"width: 1080px;\" class=\"wp-video\"><video class=\"wp-video-shortcode\" id=\"video-1867-2\" width=\"1080\" height=\"720\" preload=\"metadata\" controls=\"controls\"><source type=\"video\/mp4\" src=\"https:\/\/edu.ge.ch\/site\/tablettepedagogique\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2022\/04\/Resume-un-texte-avec-Cedille.mp4?_=2\" \/><a href=\"https:\/\/edu.ge.ch\/site\/tablettepedagogique\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2022\/04\/Resume-un-texte-avec-Cedille.mp4\">https:\/\/edu.ge.ch\/site\/tablettepedagogique\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2022\/04\/Resume-un-texte-avec-Cedille.mp4<\/a><\/video><\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h4>R\u00e9sumer un texte sous forme de mots-cl\u00e9s<\/h4>\n<div style=\"width: 1080px;\" class=\"wp-video\"><video class=\"wp-video-shortcode\" id=\"video-1867-3\" width=\"1080\" height=\"720\" preload=\"metadata\" controls=\"controls\"><source type=\"video\/mp4\" src=\"https:\/\/edu.ge.ch\/site\/tablettepedagogique\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2022\/04\/Reume-un-texte-sous-forme-de-mots-cle-avec-cedille.mp4?_=3\" \/><a href=\"https:\/\/edu.ge.ch\/site\/tablettepedagogique\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2022\/04\/Reume-un-texte-sous-forme-de-mots-cle-avec-cedille.mp4\">https:\/\/edu.ge.ch\/site\/tablettepedagogique\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2022\/04\/Reume-un-texte-sous-forme-de-mots-cle-avec-cedille.mp4<\/a><\/video><\/div>\n<h3><\/h3>\n<h3>Qu\u2019en faire en classe ?<\/h3>\n<p>Cedille peut fournir un bon point de d\u00e9part pour aborder l\u2019intelligence artificielle. Les applications p\u00e9dagogiques sont multiples, voici quelques pistes parmi celles qui nous apparaissent :<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Les \u00e9l\u00e8ves peuvent effectuer une recherche ou un expos\u00e9 sur le th\u00e8me de l\u2019intelligence artificielle, ses promesses, ses limites, les probl\u00e8mes \u00e9thiques qui l\u2019accompagnent ;<\/li>\n<li>Ils peuvent tester et \u00e9valuer Cedille (ou d\u2019autres) dans des t\u00e2ches comme la r\u00e9daction de r\u00e9sum\u00e9 ou la traduction. Il peut en effet \u00eatre int\u00e9ressant de leur demander de comparer leur propre production avec ce que l\u2019IA est capable de r\u00e9aliser;<\/li>\n<li>Dans le cadre d\u2019un enseignement de l\u2019\u00e9criture cr\u00e9ative, les \u00e9l\u00e8ves peuvent essayer de trouver des fa\u00e7ons de jouer avec un mod\u00e8le de langue comme Cedille puis, pourquoi pas, voir comment \u00e9crire <i>avec<\/i> l\u2019intelligence artificielle, \u00e0 quatre mains, si l\u2019on peut parler ainsi.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Pour conclure, faisons un pari : une partie des \u00e9l\u00e8ves verra peut-\u00eatre dans cette technologie une bonne raison de ne plus apprendre \u00e0 r\u00e9aliser certaines t\u00e2ches. Si l\u2019IA est capable de r\u00e9sumer \u2013 ou le sera \u00e0 terme \u2013 pourquoi devrais-je apprendre \u00e0 le faire ? C\u2019est une bonne question qu\u2019il ne faut surtout pas mettre sous le tapis. D\u2019autant plus qu\u2019il nous semble qu\u2019en r\u00e9alit\u00e9 elle apporte de l\u2019eau au moulin de l\u2019\u00e9cole. Le r\u00e9sum\u00e9, comme d\u2019autres formes d\u2019\u00e9crit scolaire, est en effet moins que jamais une fin en soi, mais un exercice propre \u00e0 d\u00e9velopper des comp\u00e9tences m\u00e9thodologiques \u2013 synth\u00e8se, esprit critique, etc. &#8211; on ne peut plus actuelles et n\u00e9cessaires dans un contexte num\u00e9rique.<\/p>\n<p>Olivier et Thierry<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>La machine qui \u00e9crit, un vieux r\u00eave rendu possible par l\u2019intelligence artificielle ? Le dispositif capable de g\u00e9n\u00e9rer du texte de mani\u00e8re autonome est d\u2019abord une id\u00e9e litt\u00e9raire, que l\u2019on trouve d\u00e9j\u00e0 chez Raymond Roussel (1877-1933), puis chez les surr\u00e9alistes, avant d\u2019\u00eatre mise en pratique par Alan Turing (1912-1954) ou les auteurs de l\u2019Oulipo. Ceux-ci &#8230; <a title=\"La machine qui \u00e9crit\" class=\"read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/edu.ge.ch\/site\/tablettepedagogique\/2022\/04\/26\/la-machine-qui-ecrit\/\" aria-label=\"En savoir plus sur La machine qui \u00e9crit\">Lire la suite<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":13864,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1,25],"tags":[295,294,290,136,299,174,291,292,293,297,298,301,154,296,300,161],"class_list":["post-1867","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-non-classe","category-presse","tag-allemand","tag-anglais","tag-cedille","tag-ecriture","tag-epfl","tag-francais","tag-ia","tag-intelligence-artificielle","tag-langues","tag-lettres","tag-machine","tag-machine-learning","tag-mots-cles","tag-resume","tag-suisse","tag-texte"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.8 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>La machine qui \u00e9crit - Le blog des formatrices et formateurs du SEM<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/edu.ge.ch\/site\/tablettepedagogique\/2022\/04\/26\/la-machine-qui-ecrit\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"La machine qui \u00e9crit - Le blog des formatrices et formateurs du SEM\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"La machine qui \u00e9crit, un vieux r\u00eave rendu possible par l\u2019intelligence artificielle ? Le dispositif capable de g\u00e9n\u00e9rer du texte de mani\u00e8re autonome est d\u2019abord une id\u00e9e litt\u00e9raire, que l\u2019on trouve d\u00e9j\u00e0 chez Raymond Roussel (1877-1933), puis chez les surr\u00e9alistes, avant d\u2019\u00eatre mise en pratique par Alan Turing (1912-1954) ou les auteurs de l\u2019Oulipo. Ceux-ci ... 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Le dispositif capable de g\u00e9n\u00e9rer du texte de mani\u00e8re autonome est d\u2019abord une id\u00e9e litt\u00e9raire, que l\u2019on trouve d\u00e9j\u00e0 chez Raymond Roussel (1877-1933), puis chez les surr\u00e9alistes, avant d\u2019\u00eatre mise en pratique par Alan Turing (1912-1954) ou les auteurs de l\u2019Oulipo. Ceux-ci ... 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